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Genesis 46:34

The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)

لا توجد ترجمة بهذه اللغة بعد؛ تُعرض English.

46

1 וַיִּסַּ֤ע יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְכׇל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ וַיָּבֹ֖א בְּאֵ֣רָה שָּׁ֑בַע וַיִּזְבַּ֣ח זְבָחִ֔ים לֵאלֹהֵ֖י אָבִ֥יו יִצְחָֽק׃ And Israel took his journey with all that he had, and came to Beer-sheba, and offered sacrifices unto the God of his father Isaac.
2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בְּמַרְאֹ֣ת הַלַּ֔יְלָה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר יַעֲקֹ֣ב ׀ יַעֲקֹ֑ב וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הִנֵּֽנִי׃ And God spoke unto Israel in the visions of the night, and said: ‘Jacob, Jacob.’ And he said: ‘Here am I.’
3 וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אָנֹכִ֥י הָאֵ֖ל אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִ֑יךָ אַל־תִּירָא֙ מֵרְדָ֣ה מִצְרַ֔יְמָה כִּֽי־לְג֥וֹי גָּד֖וֹל אֲשִֽׂימְךָ֥ שָֽׁם׃ And He said: ‘I am God, the God of thy father; fear not to go down into Egypt; for I will there make of thee a great nation.
4 אָנֹכִ֗י אֵרֵ֤ד עִמְּךָ֙ מִצְרַ֔יְמָה וְאָנֹכִ֖י אַֽעַלְךָ֣ גַם־עָלֹ֑ה וְיוֹסֵ֕ף יָשִׁ֥ית יָד֖וֹ עַל־עֵינֶֽיךָ׃ I will go down with thee into Egypt; and I will also surely bring thee up again; and Joseph shall put his hand upon thine eyes.’
5 וַיָּ֥קׇם יַעֲקֹ֖ב מִבְּאֵ֣ר שָׁ֑בַע וַיִּשְׂא֨וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶת־יַעֲקֹ֣ב אֲבִיהֶ֗ם וְאֶת־טַפָּם֙ וְאֶת־נְשֵׁיהֶ֔ם בָּעֲגָל֕וֹת אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֥ח פַּרְעֹ֖ה לָשֵׂ֥את אֹתֽוֹ׃ And Jacob rose up from Beer-sheba; and the sons of Israel carried Jacob their father, and their little ones, and their wives, in the wagons which Pharaoh had sent to carry him.
6 וַיִּקְח֣וּ אֶת־מִקְנֵיהֶ֗ם וְאֶת־רְכוּשָׁם֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר רָֽכְשׁוּ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ מִצְרָ֑יְמָה יַעֲקֹ֖ב וְכׇל־זַרְע֥וֹ אִתּֽוֹ׃ And they took their cattle, and their goods, which they had gotten in the land of Canaan, and came into Egypt, Jacob, and all his seed with him;
7 בָּנָ֞יו וּבְנֵ֤י בָנָיו֙ אִתּ֔וֹ בְּנֹתָ֛יו וּבְנ֥וֹת בָּנָ֖יו וְכׇל־זַרְע֑וֹ הֵבִ֥יא אִתּ֖וֹ מִצְרָֽיְמָה׃ {ס}         his sons, and his sons’sons with him, his daughters, and his sons’daughters, and all his seed brought he with him into Egypt.
8 וְאֵ֨לֶּה שְׁמ֧וֹת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הַבָּאִ֥ים מִצְרַ֖יְמָה יַעֲקֹ֣ב וּבָנָ֑יו בְּכֹ֥ר יַעֲקֹ֖ב רְאוּבֵֽן׃ And these are the names of the children of Israel, who came into Egypt, Jacob and his sons: Reuben, Jacob’s first-born.
9 וּבְנֵ֖י רְאוּבֵ֑ן חֲנ֥וֹךְ וּפַלּ֖וּא וְחֶצְרֹ֥ן וְכַרְמִֽי׃ And the sons of Reuben: Hanoch, and Pallu, and Hezron, and Carmi.
10 וּבְנֵ֣י שִׁמְע֗וֹן יְמוּאֵ֧ל וְיָמִ֛ין וְאֹ֖הַד וְיָכִ֣ין וְצֹ֑חַר וְשָׁא֖וּל בֶּן־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִֽית׃ And the sons of Simeon: Jemuel, and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanitish woman.
11 וּבְנֵ֖י לֵוִ֑י גֵּרְשׁ֕וֹן קְהָ֖ת וּמְרָרִֽי׃ And the sons of Levi: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari.
12 וּבְנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה עֵ֧ר וְאוֹנָ֛ן וְשֵׁלָ֖ה וָפֶ֣רֶץ וָזָ֑רַח וַיָּ֨מׇת עֵ֤ר וְאוֹנָן֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן וַיִּהְי֥וּ בְנֵי־פֶ֖רֶץ חֶצְרֹ֥ן וְחָמֽוּל׃ And the sons of Judah: Er, and Onan, and Shelah, and Perez, and Zerah; but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan. And the sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.
13 וּבְנֵ֖י יִשָּׂשכָ֑ר תּוֹלָ֥ע וּפֻוָ֖ה וְי֥וֹב וְשִׁמְרֹֽן׃ And the sons of Issachar: Tola, and Puvah, and Iob, and Shimron.
14 וּבְנֵ֖י זְבֻל֑וּן סֶ֥רֶד וְאֵל֖וֹן וְיַחְלְאֵֽל׃ And the sons of Zebulun: Sered, and Elon, and Jahleel.
15 אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ בְּנֵ֣י לֵאָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָֽלְדָ֤ה לְיַעֲקֹב֙ בְּפַדַּ֣ן אֲרָ֔ם וְאֵ֖ת דִּינָ֣ה בִתּ֑וֹ כׇּל־נֶ֧פֶשׁ בָּנָ֛יו וּבְנוֹתָ֖יו שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וְשָׁלֹֽשׁ׃ These are the sons of Leah, whom she bore unto Jacob in Paddan-aram, with his daughter Dinah; all the souls of his sons and his daughters were thirty and three.
16 וּבְנֵ֣י גָ֔ד צִפְי֥וֹן וְחַגִּ֖י שׁוּנִ֣י וְאֶצְבֹּ֑ן עֵרִ֥י וַֽאֲרוֹדִ֖י וְאַרְאֵלִֽי׃ And the sons of Gad: Ziphion, and Haggi, Shuni, and Ezbon, Eri, and Arodi, and Areli.
17 וּבְנֵ֣י אָשֵׁ֗ר יִמְנָ֧ה וְיִשְׁוָ֛ה וְיִשְׁוִ֥י וּבְרִיעָ֖ה וְשֶׂ֣רַח אֲחֹתָ֑ם וּבְנֵ֣י בְרִיעָ֔ה חֶ֖בֶר וּמַלְכִּיאֵֽל׃ And the sons of Asher: Imnah, and Ishvah, and Ishvi, and Beriah, and Serah their sister; and the sons of Beriah: Heber, and Malchiel.
18 אֵ֚לֶּה בְּנֵ֣י זִלְפָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥ן לָבָ֖ן לְלֵאָ֣ה בִתּ֑וֹ וַתֵּ֤לֶד אֶת־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ לְיַעֲקֹ֔ב שֵׁ֥שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה נָֽפֶשׁ׃ These are the sons of Zilpah, whom Laban gave to Leah his daughter, and these she bore unto Jacob, even sixteen souls.
19 בְּנֵ֤י רָחֵל֙ אֵ֣שֶׁת יַעֲקֹ֔ב יוֹסֵ֖ף וּבִנְיָמִֽן׃ The sons of Rachel Jacob’s wife: Joseph and Benjamin.
20 וַיִּוָּלֵ֣ד לְיוֹסֵף֮ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֒יִם֒ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָֽלְדָה־לּוֹ֙ אָֽסְנַ֔ת בַּת־פּ֥וֹטִי פֶ֖רַע*(בספרי תימן פּֽוֹטִיפֶ֖רַע בתיבה אחת) כֹּהֵ֣ן אֹ֑ן אֶת־מְנַשֶּׁ֖ה וְאֶת־אֶפְרָֽיִם׃ And unto Joseph in the land of Egypt were born Manasseh and Ephraim, whom Asenath the daughter of Poti-phera priest of On bore unto him.
21 וּבְנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֗ן בֶּ֤לַע וָבֶ֙כֶר֙ וְאַשְׁבֵּ֔ל גֵּרָ֥א וְנַעֲמָ֖ן אֵחִ֣י וָרֹ֑אשׁ מֻפִּ֥ים וְחֻפִּ֖ים וָאָֽרְדְּ׃ And the sons of Benjamin: Bela, and Becher, and Ashbel, Gera, and Naaman, Ehi, and Rosh, Muppim, and Huppim, and Ard.
22 אֵ֚לֶּה בְּנֵ֣י רָחֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר יֻלַּ֖ד לְיַעֲקֹ֑ב כׇּל־נֶ֖פֶשׁ אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָֽׂר׃ These are the sons of Rachel, who were born to Jacob; all the souls were fourteen.
23 וּבְנֵי־דָ֖ן חֻשִֽׁים׃ And the sons of Dan: Hushim.
24 וּבְנֵ֖י נַפְתָּלִ֑י יַחְצְאֵ֥ל וְגוּנִ֖י וְיֵ֥צֶר וְשִׁלֵּֽם׃ And the sons of Naphtali: Jahzeel, and Guni, and Jezer, and Shillem.
25 אֵ֚לֶּה בְּנֵ֣י בִלְהָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥ן לָבָ֖ן לְרָחֵ֣ל בִּתּ֑וֹ וַתֵּ֧לֶד אֶת־אֵ֛לֶּה לְיַעֲקֹ֖ב כׇּל־נֶ֥פֶשׁ שִׁבְעָֽה׃ These are the sons of Bilhah, whom Laban gave unto Rachel his daughter, and these she bore unto Jacob; all the souls were seven.
26 כׇּל־הַ֠נֶּ֠פֶשׁ הַבָּאָ֨ה לְיַעֲקֹ֤ב מִצְרַ֙יְמָה֙ יֹצְאֵ֣י יְרֵכ֔וֹ מִלְּבַ֖ד נְשֵׁ֣י בְנֵי־יַעֲקֹ֑ב כׇּל־נֶ֖פֶשׁ שִׁשִּׁ֥ים וָשֵֽׁשׁ׃ All the souls belonging to Jacob that came into Egypt, that came out of his loins, besides Jacob’s sons’wives, all the souls were threescore and six.
27 וּבְנֵ֥י יוֹסֵ֛ף אֲשֶׁר־יֻלַּד־ל֥וֹ בְמִצְרַ֖יִם נֶ֣פֶשׁ שְׁנָ֑יִם כׇּל־הַנֶּ֧פֶשׁ לְבֵֽית־יַעֲקֹ֛ב הַבָּ֥אָה מִצְרַ֖יְמָה שִׁבְעִֽים׃ {ס}         And the sons of Joseph, who were born to him in Egypt, were two souls; all the souls of the house of Jacob, that came into Egypt, were threescore and ten.

العالياه 6

28 וְאֶת־יְהוּדָ֞ה שָׁלַ֤ח לְפָנָיו֙ אֶל־יוֹסֵ֔ף לְהוֹרֹ֥ת לְפָנָ֖יו גֹּ֑שְׁנָה וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ אַ֥רְצָה גֹּֽשֶׁן׃ And he sent Judah before him unto Joseph, to show the way before him unto Goshen; and they came into the land of Goshen.
29 וַיֶּאְסֹ֤ר יוֹסֵף֙ מֶרְכַּבְתּ֔וֹ וַיַּ֛עַל לִקְרַֽאת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל אָבִ֖יו גֹּ֑שְׁנָה וַיֵּרָ֣א אֵלָ֗יו וַיִּפֹּל֙ עַל־צַוָּארָ֔יו וַיֵּ֥בְךְּ עַל־צַוָּארָ֖יו עֽוֹד׃ And Joseph made ready his chariot, and went up to meet Israel his father, to Goshen; and he presented himself unto him, and fell on his neck, and wept on his neck a good while.
30 וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֶל־יוֹסֵ֖ף אָמ֣וּתָה הַפָּ֑עַם אַחֲרֵי֙ רְאוֹתִ֣י אֶת־פָּנֶ֔יךָ כִּ֥י עוֹדְךָ֖ חָֽי׃ And Israel said unto Joseph: ‘Now let me die, since I have seen thy face, that thou art yet alive.’
31 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יוֹסֵ֤ף אֶל־אֶחָיו֙ וְאֶל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יו אֶעֱלֶ֖ה וְאַגִּ֣ידָה לְפַרְעֹ֑ה וְאֹֽמְרָ֣ה אֵלָ֔יו אַחַ֧י וּבֵית־אָבִ֛י אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּאֶֽרֶץ־כְּנַ֖עַן בָּ֥אוּ אֵלָֽי׃ And Joseph said unto his brethren, and unto his father’s house: ‘I will go up, and tell Pharaoh, and will say unto him: My brethren, and my father’s house, who were in the land of Canaan, are come unto me;
32 וְהָאֲנָשִׁים֙ רֹ֣עֵי צֹ֔אן כִּֽי־אַנְשֵׁ֥י מִקְנֶ֖ה הָי֑וּ וְצֹאנָ֧ם וּבְקָרָ֛ם וְכׇל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָהֶ֖ם הֵבִֽיאוּ׃ and the men are shepherds, for they have been keepers of cattle; and they have brought their flocks, and their herds, and all that they have.
33 וְהָיָ֕ה כִּֽי־יִקְרָ֥א לָכֶ֖ם פַּרְעֹ֑ה וְאָמַ֖ר מַה־מַּעֲשֵׂיכֶֽם׃ And it shall come to pass, when Pharaoh shall call you, and shall say: What is your occupation?
34 וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֗ם אַנְשֵׁ֨י מִקְנֶ֜ה הָי֤וּ עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ מִנְּעוּרֵ֣ינוּ וְעַד־עַ֔תָּה גַּם־אֲנַ֖חְנוּ גַּם־אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ בַּעֲב֗וּר תֵּשְׁבוּ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ גֹּ֔שֶׁן כִּֽי־תוֹעֲבַ֥ת מִצְרַ֖יִם כׇּל־רֹ֥עֵה צֹֽאן׃ that ye shall say: Thy servants have been keepers of cattle from our youth even until now, both we, and our fathers; that ye may dwell in the land of Goshen; for every shepherd is an abomination unto the Egyptians.’

Miqra according to the Masorah · الترخيص: CC BY-SA · المصدر
The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917) · الترخيص: Public Domain · المصدر

كلمة بكلمة (Hebrew → English · Strong’s)

  1. וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֗םʼâmarto say
  2. אַנְשֵׁ֨יʼîysha man as an individual or a male person
  3. מִקְנֶ֜הmiqnehsomething bought
  4. הָי֤וּhâyâhto exist
  5. עֲבָדֶ֨יךָ֙ʻebeda servant
  6. מִנְּעוּרֵ֣ינוּnâʻûwryouth
  7. וְעַדʻadas far as
  8. עַ֔תָּהʻattâhat this time
  9. גַּםgamassemblage
  10. אֲנַ֖חְנוּʼănachnûwwe
  11. גַּםgamassemblage
  12. אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּʼâbfather
  13. בַּעֲב֗וּרʻâbûwrcrossed
  14. תֵּשְׁבוּ֙yâshabto sit down (specifically as judge. in a
  15. בְּאֶ֣רֶץʼeretsthe earth
  16. גֹּ֔שֶׁןGôshenGoshen
  17. כִּֽיkîyvery widely used as a relative conjuncti
  18. תוֹעֲבַ֥תtôwʻêbahsomething disgusting
  19. מִצְרַ֖יִםMitsrîya Mitsrite
  20. כָּלkôlthe whole
  21. רֹ֥עֵהrâʻâhto tend a flock
  22. צֹֽאןtsôʼna collective name for a flock

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (CC BY 4.0); Strong’s Hebrew Dictionary (CC BY-SA).

Genesis 46:34 in every translation

English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

You should say, Your servants have been livestock owners from our youth until now, we and our fathers; so that you will be able to settle in the land of Goshen, since every shepherd is abhorrent to Egypt.

الترخيص: CC BY

English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

Then you shall say: Your servants have been cattle keepers from our youths until now, both we and our fathers. (Say this) so that you be settled in the land of Goshen, [which you require for pasture. And he will settle you there, away from him,] for the abomination of Egypt are all who graze sheep, [sheep being an object of idolatry to them,]

الترخيص: CC BY

עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah

וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֗ם אַנְשֵׁ֨י מִקְנֶ֜ה הָי֤וּ עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ מִנְּעוּרֵ֣ינוּ וְעַד־עַ֔תָּה גַּם־אֲנַ֖חְנוּ גַּם־אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ בַּעֲב֗וּר תֵּשְׁבוּ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ גֹּ֔שֶׁן כִּֽי־תוֹעֲבַ֥ת מִצְרַ֖יִם כׇּל־רֹ֥עֵה צֹֽאן׃

الترخيص: CC BY-SA

English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)

that ye shall say: Thy servants have been keepers of cattle from our youth even until now, both we, and our fathers; that ye may dwell in the land of Goshen; for every shepherd is an abomination unto the Egyptians.’

الترخيص: Public Domain

עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra

וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֗ם אַנְשֵׁ֨י מִקְנֶ֜ה הָי֤וּ עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ מִנְּעוּרֵ֣ינוּ וְעַד־עַ֔תָּה גַּם־אֲנַ֖חְנוּ גַּם־אֲבֹתֵ֑ינוּ בַּעֲב֗וּר תֵּשְׁבוּ֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ גֹּ֔שֶׁן כִּֽי־תוֹעֲבַ֥ת מִצְרַ֖יִם כָּל־רֹ֥עֵה צֹֽאן׃

الترخيص: Public Domain

Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]

vous répondrez: ‘Tes serviteurs se sont adonnés au bétail depuis leur jeunesse jusqu’à présent et nous et nos pères.’ C’est afin que vous demeuriez dans la province de Gessen, car les Égyptiens ont en horreur tout pasteur de menu bétail."

الترخيص: Public Domain

Deutsch · Die fünf Bücher Moses, trans. Dr. J. Wohlgemuth, Rödelheim 1899 [de]

So antwortet: »Seit unserer Jugend sind wir, deine Diener, Viehzüchter gewesen, bis heute, sowohl wir als auch unsere Väter,« dann werdet ihr im Lande Gosen bleiben können; denn jeder Schafhirt ist den Ägyptern ein Gräuel.

الترخيص: Public Domain

English · Modernized Tanakh - Based on JPS 1917, Edited by Adam Cohn

that you will say: Your servants have been keepers of cattle from our youth even until now, both we, and our fathers; that you may dwell in the land of Goshen; for every shepherd is an abomination to the Egyptians.’

الترخيص: CC BY

עברית · Tanach with Text Only

ואמרתם אנשי מקנה היו עבדיך מנעורינו ועד עתה גם אנחנו גם אבתינו בעבור תשבו בארץ גשן כי תועבת מצרים כל רעה צאן

الترخيص: Public Domain

עברית · Tanach with Nikkud

וַאֲמַרְתֶּם אַנְשֵׁי מִקְנֶה הָיוּ עֲבָדֶיךָ מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַד־עַתָּה גַּם־אֲנַחְנוּ גַּם־אֲבֹתֵינוּ בַּעֲבוּר תֵּשְׁבוּ בְּאֶרֶץ גֹּשֶׁן כִּי־תוֹעֲבַת מִצְרַיִם כָּל־רֹעֵה צֹאן׃

الترخيص: Public Domain

ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]

זאָלט איר זאָגן: מענטשן פֿון פֿי זײַנען דײַנע קנעכט פֿון אונדזער יוגנט אָן און ביז אַצונד, אַזױ מיר, אַזױ אונדזערע עלטערן; כּדי איר זאָלט זיצן אין לאַנד גוֹשֶן, װאָרום אַן אומװערדיקײט בײַ די מִצרים איז יעטװעדער פּאַסטוך פֿון שאָף.

الترخيص: CC0

Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]

so saget auch: Herdenzüchter waren deine Diener von unserer Jugend bis jetzt, wir sowohl als unsere Väter; damit ihr im Lande Goschen wohnen bleibet: denn Mizrajims Abscheu ist jeder Schafhirte.

الترخيص: Public Domain

Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]

tiam diru: Viaj sklavoj estis brutedukistoj de nia juneco ĝis nun, kiel ni, tiel ankaŭ niaj patroj; por ke vi enloĝiĝu en la lando Goŝen; ĉar ĉiu paŝtisto estas abomenindaĵo por la Egiptoj.

الترخيص: Public Domain

Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]

Direte: I tuoi servi furono proprietarj di gregge dalla nostra giovinezza fino ad ora, e noi e i nostri padri. - E ciò, affinché vi si faccia abitare nel paese di Gòscen; poiché ogni pastore di bestiame minuto è in abbominazione presso gli Egizi.

الترخيص: Public Domain

Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]

To powiecie: hodownikami bydła byli słudzy twoi od młodości naszej aż dotąd, - i my i ojcowie nasi; - abyście osiedli w ziemi Goszen; gdyż obrzydzeniem dla Micrejczyków jest każdy pasterz trzód." 

الترخيص: Public Domain

Commentary on Genesis 46:34

Rashi

עברית

בעבור תשבו בארץ גשן. והיא צריכה לכם, שהיא ארץ מרעה, וכשתאמרו לו שאין אתם בקיאין במלאכה אחרת, ירחיקכם מעליו ויושיבכם שם:

כי תועבת מצרים כל רעה צאן. לפי שהם להם אלהות:

Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · الترخيص: CC-BY · Full commentary on Sefaria

Targum Jonathan

English

you must say, Thy servants have been masters of flocks from our youth until now: that you may dwell in the land of Goshen; because the Mizraee reject all shepherds.

The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · الترخيص: Public Domain · Full commentary on Sefaria

Ibn Ezra

English

Since every shepherd is abhorrent. The Egyptians of those times were vegetarians like modern Hindus.

Yalkut, Sifsei Chachomim Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · الترخيص: CC-BY · Full commentary on Sefaria

Rashbam

English

For [all shepherds] are an abomination in Egypt - All shepherds were disgraceful in their eyes, for sheep were loathsome to them - whether for eating or for sacrifice - as it is written, "If we sacrifice what is abominable to the Egyptians..." (Ex. 9:22)

Sefaria Community Translation · الترخيص: CC0 · Full commentary on Sefaria

Radak (David Kimhi)

English

בעבור תשבו בארץ גשן, seeing it was a land in which cattle were being raised. Furthermore, Joseph did what he did in order to prevent Pharaoh from enlisting his brothers in Pharaoh’s political and military echelon.

כי תועבת מצרים כל רועה צאן, seeing that they did not eat the flesh of sheep, they detested anyone raising these animals. They only raised the number of such animals needed for their wool and milk.

Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · الترخيص: CC-BY · Full commentary on Sefaria

Da'at Zekenim

English

כי תועבת מצרים כל רעה צאן, “for the Egyptians despised people whose vocation was the rising and tending of sheep. The reason they did so was because they hated sheep meat, i.e. mutton, just as they hated goats’ meat. This was something not unique to the Egyptians. This is also why they could not sit at the same table as the Hebrews when the latter were being served lamb. They harboured a deep aversion for anyone stemming from the Euphrates-Tigris region. They considered the Sumerians as a lower class of human beings. (Exodus 8,9) The Hebrews claimed that they would insult the Egyptians if they slaughtered their animals as service to their G–d inside the boundaries of the land of Egypt. They would risk being stoned by them. It is interesting that they did not refer to being just killed, but they spelled out by which method they would be killed, a method which in Jewish law is the most severe kind of death penalty. Our author states that he has also heard a different interpretation of our verse. The Egyptians considered anyone slaughtering sheep or goats and eating their meat as guilty of the kind of perversion that would stamp such a person as a subhuman species. We find the word רועה, which we normally translate as “tending,” i.e. shepherding, also used by the Targum for “providing food” (transitive) on Genesis 48,15 by Yaakov in his blessings for his children when on his deathbed.

Daat Zekenim translated by Rb. Eliyahu Munk · الترخيص: CC-BY · Full commentary on Sefaria