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Genesis 10:9

The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)

لا توجد ترجمة بهذه اللغة بعد؛ تُعرض English.

10

1 וְאֵ֙לֶּה֙ תּוֹלְדֹ֣ת בְּנֵי־נֹ֔חַ שֵׁ֖ם חָ֣ם וָיָ֑פֶת וַיִּוָּלְד֥וּ לָהֶ֛ם בָּנִ֖ים אַחַ֥ר הַמַּבּֽוּל׃ Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah: Shem, Ham, and Japheth; and unto them were sons born after the flood.
2 בְּנֵ֣י יֶ֔פֶת גֹּ֣מֶר וּמָג֔וֹג וּמָדַ֖י וְיָוָ֣ן וְתֻבָ֑ל וּמֶ֖שֶׁךְ וְתִירָֽס׃ The sons of Japheth: Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras.
3 וּבְנֵ֖י גֹּ֑מֶר אַשְׁכְּנַ֥ז וְרִיפַ֖ת וְתֹגַרְמָֽה׃ And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Riphath, and Togarmah.
4 וּבְנֵ֥י יָוָ֖ן אֱלִישָׁ֣ה וְתַרְשִׁ֑ישׁ כִּתִּ֖ים וְדֹדָנִֽים׃ And the sons of Javan: Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.
5 מֵ֠אֵ֠לֶּה נִפְרְד֞וּ אִיֵּ֤י הַגּוֹיִם֙ בְּאַרְצֹתָ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ לִלְשֹׁנ֑וֹ לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם בְּגוֹיֵהֶֽם׃ Of these were the isles of the nations divided in their lands, every one after his tongue, after their families, in their nations.
6 וּבְנֵ֖י חָ֑ם כּ֥וּשׁ וּמִצְרַ֖יִם וּפ֥וּט וּכְנָֽעַן׃ And the sons of Ham: Cush, and Mizraim, and Put, and Canaan.
7 וּבְנֵ֣י כ֔וּשׁ סְבָא֙ וַֽחֲוִילָ֔ה וְסַבְתָּ֥ה וְרַעְמָ֖ה וְסַבְתְּכָ֑א וּבְנֵ֥י רַעְמָ֖ה שְׁבָ֥א וּדְדָֽן׃ And the sons of Cush: Seba, and Havilah, and Sabtah, and Raamah, and Sabteca; and the sons of Raamah: Sheba, and Dedan.
8 וְכ֖וּשׁ יָלַ֣ד אֶת־נִמְרֹ֑ד ה֣וּא הֵחֵ֔ל לִֽהְי֥וֹת גִּבֹּ֖ר בָּאָֽרֶץ׃ And Cush begot Nimrod; he began to be a mighty one in the earth.
9 הֽוּא־הָיָ֥ה גִבֹּֽר־צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ יֵֽאָמַ֔ר כְּנִמְרֹ֛ד גִּבּ֥וֹר צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהֹוָֽה׃ He was a mighty hunter before the LORD; wherefore it is said: ‘Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before the LORD.’
10 וַתְּהִ֨י רֵאשִׁ֤ית מַמְלַכְתּוֹ֙ בָּבֶ֔ל וְאֶ֖רֶךְ וְאַכַּ֣ד וְכַלְנֵ֑ה בְּאֶ֖רֶץ שִׁנְעָֽר׃ And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.
11 מִן־הָאָ֥רֶץ הַהִ֖וא יָצָ֣א אַשּׁ֑וּר וַיִּ֙בֶן֙ אֶת־נִ֣ינְוֵ֔ה וְאֶת־רְחֹבֹ֥ת עִ֖יר וְאֶת־כָּֽלַח׃ Out of that land went forth Asshur, and builded Nineveh, and Rehoboth-ir, and Calah,
12 וְֽאֶת־רֶ֔סֶן בֵּ֥ין נִֽינְוֵ֖ה וּבֵ֣ין כָּ֑לַח הִ֖וא הָעִ֥יר הַגְּדֹלָֽה׃ and Resen between Nineveh and Calah—the same is the great city.
13 וּמִצְרַ֡יִם יָלַ֞ד אֶת־לוּדִ֧ים וְאֶת־עֲנָמִ֛ים וְאֶת־לְהָבִ֖ים וְאֶת־נַפְתֻּחִֽים׃ And Mizraim begot Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim,
14 וְֽאֶת־פַּתְרֻסִ֞ים וְאֶת־כַּסְלֻחִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָצְא֥וּ מִשָּׁ֛ם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וְאֶת־כַּפְתֹּרִֽים׃ {ס}         and Pathrusim, and Casluhim—whence went forth the Philistines—and Caphtorim.
15 וּכְנַ֗עַן יָלַ֛ד אֶת־צִידֹ֥ן בְּכֹר֖וֹ וְאֶת־חֵֽת׃ And Canaan begot Zidon his firstborn, and Heth;
16 וְאֶת־הַיְבוּסִי֙ וְאֶת־הָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔י וְאֵ֖ת הַגִּרְגָּשִֽׁי׃ and the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgashite;
17 וְאֶת־הַֽחִוִּ֥י וְאֶת־הַֽעַרְקִ֖י וְאֶת־הַסִּינִֽי׃ and the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite;
18 וְאֶת־הָֽאַרְוָדִ֥י וְאֶת־הַצְּמָרִ֖י וְאֶת־הַֽחֲמָתִ֑י וְאַחַ֣ר נָפֹ֔צוּ מִשְׁפְּח֖וֹת הַֽכְּנַעֲנִֽי׃ and the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite; and afterward were the families of the Canaanite spread abroad.
19 וַיְהִ֞י גְּב֤וּל הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ מִצִּידֹ֔ן בֹּאֲכָ֥ה גְרָ֖רָה עַד־עַזָּ֑ה בֹּאֲכָ֞ה סְדֹ֧מָה וַעֲמֹרָ֛ה וְאַדְמָ֥ה וּצְבֹיִ֖ם עַד־לָֽשַׁע׃ And the border of the Canaanite was from Zidon, as thou goest toward Gerar, unto Gaza; as thou goest toward Sodom and Gomorrah and Admah and Zeboiim, unto Lasha.
20 אֵ֣לֶּה בְנֵי־חָ֔ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לִלְשֹֽׁנֹתָ֑ם בְּאַרְצֹתָ֖ם בְּגוֹיֵהֶֽם׃ {ס}         These are the sons of Ham, after their families, after their tongues, in their lands, in their nations.
21 וּלְשֵׁ֥ם יֻלַּ֖ד גַּם־ה֑וּא אֲבִי֙ כׇּל־בְּנֵי־עֵ֔בֶר אֲחִ֖י יֶ֥פֶת הַגָּדֽוֹל׃ And unto Shem, the father of all the children of Eber, the elder brother of Japheth, to him also were children born.
22 בְּנֵ֥י שֵׁ֖ם עֵילָ֣ם וְאַשּׁ֑וּר וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁ֖ד וְל֥וּד וַֽאֲרָֽם׃ The sons of Shem: Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram.
23 וּבְנֵ֖י אֲרָ֑ם ע֥וּץ וְח֖וּל וְגֶ֥תֶר וָמַֽשׁ׃ And the sons of Aram: Uz, and Hul, and Gether, and Mash.
24 וְאַרְפַּכְשַׁ֖ד יָלַ֣ד אֶת־שָׁ֑לַח וְשֶׁ֖לַח יָלַ֥ד אֶת־עֵֽבֶר׃ And Arpachshad begot Shelah; and Shelah begot Eber.
25 וּלְעֵ֥בֶר יֻלַּ֖ד שְׁנֵ֣י בָנִ֑ים שֵׁ֣ם הָֽאֶחָ֞ד פֶּ֗לֶג כִּ֤י בְיָמָיו֙ נִפְלְגָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ וְשֵׁ֥ם אָחִ֖יו יׇקְטָֽן׃ And unto Eber were born two sons; the name of the one was Peleg; for in his days was the earth divided; and his brother’s name was Joktan.
26 וְיׇקְטָ֣ן יָלַ֔ד אֶת־אַלְמוֹדָ֖ד וְאֶת־שָׁ֑לֶף וְאֶת־חֲצַרְמָ֖וֶת וְאֶת־יָֽרַח׃ And Joktan begot Almodad, and Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah;
27 וְאֶת־הֲדוֹרָ֥ם וְאֶת־אוּזָ֖ל וְאֶת־דִּקְלָֽה׃ and Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah;
28 וְאֶת־עוֹבָ֥ל וְאֶת־אֲבִֽימָאֵ֖ל וְאֶת־שְׁבָֽא׃ and Obal, and Abimael, and Sheba;
29 וְאֶת־אוֹפִ֥ר וְאֶת־חֲוִילָ֖ה וְאֶת־יוֹבָ֑ב כׇּל־אֵ֖לֶּה בְּנֵ֥י יׇקְטָֽן׃ and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab; all these were the sons of Joktan.
30 וַיְהִ֥י מוֹשָׁבָ֖ם מִמֵּשָׁ֑א בֹּאֲכָ֥ה סְפָ֖רָה הַ֥ר הַקֶּֽדֶם׃ And their dwelling was from Mesha, as thou goest toward Sephar, unto the mountain of the east.
31 אֵ֣לֶּה בְנֵי־שֵׁ֔ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לִלְשֹׁנֹתָ֑ם בְּאַרְצֹתָ֖ם לְגוֹיֵהֶֽם׃ These are the sons of Shem, after their families, after their tongues, in their lands, after their nations.
32 אֵ֣לֶּה מִשְׁפְּחֹ֧ת בְּנֵי־נֹ֛חַ לְתוֹלְדֹתָ֖ם בְּגוֹיֵהֶ֑ם וּמֵאֵ֜לֶּה נִפְרְד֧וּ הַגּוֹיִ֛ם בָּאָ֖רֶץ אַחַ֥ר הַמַּבּֽוּל׃ {פ}
These are the families of the sons of Noah, after their generations, in their nations; and of these were the nations divided in the earth after the flood.

Miqra according to the Masorah · الترخيص: CC BY-SA · المصدر
The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917) · الترخيص: Public Domain · المصدر

كلمة بكلمة (Hebrew → English · Strong’s)

  1. הֽוּאhûwʼhe
  2. הָיָ֥הhâyâhto exist
  3. גִבֹּֽרgibbôwrpowerful
  4. צַ֖יִדtsayidthe chase
  5. לִפְנֵ֣יpânîymthe face
  6. יְהוָ֑הYᵉhôvâhJehovah
  7. עַלʻalabove
  8. כֵּן֙kênset upright
  9. יֵֽאָמַ֔רʼâmarto say
  10. כְּנִמְרֹ֛דNimrôwdNimrod
  11. גִּבּ֥וֹרgibbôwrpowerful
  12. צַ֖יִדtsayidthe chase
  13. לִפְנֵ֥יpânîymthe face
  14. יְהוָֽהYᵉhôvâhJehovah

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (CC BY 4.0); Strong’s Hebrew Dictionary (CC BY-SA).

Genesis 10:9 in every translation

English · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009

He was a mighty hunter before Adonoy. It is therefore said, Like Nimrod, a mighty hunter before Adonoy.

الترخيص: CC BY

English · The Rashi chumash by Rabbi Shraga Silverstein

He was a "mighty snare" [ensnaring men with his mouth and inciting them to rebel against G-d] before the L-rd ["to His face!"], wherefore it is said [of such as he]: "As Nimrod, a mighty snare before the L-rd."

الترخيص: CC BY

עברית · Miqra according to the Masorah

הֽוּא־הָיָ֥ה גִבֹּֽר־צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ יֵֽאָמַ֔ר כְּנִמְרֹ֛ד גִּבּ֥וֹר צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהֹוָֽה׃

الترخيص: CC BY-SA

English · The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)

He was a mighty hunter before the LORD; wherefore it is said: ‘Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before the LORD.’

الترخيص: Public Domain

עברית · Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra

הֽוּא־הָיָ֥ה גִבֹּֽר־צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ יֵֽאָמַ֔ר כְּנִמְרֹ֛ד גִּבּ֥וֹר צַ֖יִד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃

الترخيص: Public Domain

Français · Bible du Rabbinat 1899 [fr]

Il fut un puissant ravisseur devant l’Éternel; c’est pourquoi on dit: "Tel que Nemrod, un puissant ravisseur devant l’Éternel!"

الترخيص: Public Domain

Deutsch · Die fünf Bücher Moses, trans. Dr. J. Wohlgemuth, Rödelheim 1899 [de]

Er war ein gewaltiger Jäger vor dem Ewigen; daher man zu sagen pflegt: »Ein gewaltiger Jäger wie Nimrod vor dem Ewigen.«

الترخيص: Public Domain

English · Modernized Tanakh - Based on JPS 1917, Edited by Adam Cohn

He was a mighty hunter before the LORD; of whom it is said: ‘Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before the LORD.’

الترخيص: CC BY

עברית · Tanach with Text Only

הוא היה גבר ציד לפני יהוה על כן יאמר כנמרד גבור ציד לפני יהוה

الترخيص: Public Domain

עברית · Tanach with Nikkud

הוּא־הָיָה גִבֹּר־צַיִד לִפְנֵי יְהוָה עַל־כֵּן יֵאָמַר כְּנִמְרֹד גִּבּוֹר צַיִד לִפְנֵי יְהוָה׃

الترخيص: Public Domain

ייִדיש · Yehoyesh's Yiddish Tanakh Translation [yi]

ער איז געװען אַ מאַכטיקער יעגער פֿאַר גאָט; דרום װערט געזאָגט: אַזױ װי נִמרוד, אַ מאַכטיקער יעגער פֿאַר גאָט.

الترخيص: CC0

Deutsch · Der Pentateuch, übersetzt und erläutert von Samson Raphael Hirsch. Frankfurt am Main, 1867-1878 [de]

Er war ein verschlagener Held vor Gott: darum sagt man: ein Nimrod gleich verschlagener Held vor Gott.

الترخيص: Public Domain

Esperanto · La Malnova Testamento, L.L.Zamenhof [eo]

Li estis potenca ĉasisto antaŭ la Eternulo; tial oni diras: Kiel Nimrod, potenca ĉasisto antaŭ la Eternulo.

الترخيص: Public Domain

Italiano · Il Pentateuco. Traduzione italiana di Samuel David Luzzatto, 1872 [it]

Egli fu valoroso cacciatore innanzi al Signore [cioè senza l’eguale]; ond’è che si dice [per esaltare qualche prode guerriero]: simile a Nimròd, valoroso cacciatore innanzi al Signore.

الترخيص: Public Domain

Polski · Bible in Polish, trans. Izaak Cylkow, 1841 - 1908 [pl]

Był on mocarzem, myśliwym przed Wiekuistym. Przeto się mawia: jako Nimrod mocarz, myśliwy przed Wiekuistym. 

الترخيص: Public Domain

Commentary on Genesis 10:9

Rashi

עברית

גבור ציד. צד דעתן של בריות בפיו ומטען למרוד במקום (ב"ר לז,ב):

לפני ה'. מתכוין להקניטו על פניו (תו"כ בחוקותי פ"ב,ב):

על כן יאמר. על כל אדם מרשיע בעזות פנים יודע רבונו ומתכוין למרוד בו יאמר זה כנמרוד גבור ציד (ב"ר):

Rashi Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 · الترخيص: CC-BY · Full commentary on Sefaria

Targum Jonathan

English

He was a mighty rebel before the Lord; therefore it is said, From the day that the world was created there hath not been as Nimrod, mighty in hunting, and a rebel before the Lord.

The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862 · الترخيص: Public Domain · Full commentary on Sefaria

Ibn Ezra

עברית

וטעם לפני ה'. שהי' בונה מזבחות ומעלה אותם החיות עולה לשם וזו דרך הפשט. והדרש דרך אחרת:

על כן יאמר. משל היה גם בימי משה:

On Your Way · الترخيص: Public Domain · Full commentary on Sefaria

Ramban (Nachmanides)

English

HE WAS A MIGHTY HUNTER BEFORE THE ETERNAL. He ensnared the minds of people by his words, misleading them to rebel against the Omnipresent. Therefore it is said regarding any man who brazenly acts wickedly, knowing his Master and yet intentionally rebelling against Him — it is said, “This man is like Nimrod.” Thus the language of Rashi, and so is the opinion of our Rabbis.
But Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra explained the matter in the opposite way, by way of the plain meaning of Scripture, for he interpreted the verses thus: He began to be a mighty one over the animals in hunting them. Before the Eternal, Ibn Ezra explained, means that he would build altars and offer the animals as whole-offerings before G-d. But Ibn Ezra’s words do not appear to be correct, and lo he justifieth the wicked, for our Rabbis knew by tradition of Nimrod’s wickedness.
The correct interpretation appears to me to be that Nimrod began to be a ruler by force over people, and he was the first monarch. Until his era there were no wars and no reigning monarchs; it was he who first prevailed over the people of Babylon until they crowned him. After that he went to Assyria, and he did according to his will, and magnified himself, and there he built fortified cities with his power and with his might. This is what Scripture intended when it said, And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel…and Accad…and Shinar.

Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976 · الترخيص: CC-BY · Full commentary on Sefaria

Rashbam

English

'לפני ה, on the whole globe, (seeing that G’d is omnipresent) Jonah 3,3 also means that there was no other city as populous as Nineveh on earth.

Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · الترخيص: CC-BY · Full commentary on Sefaria

Sforno

English

לפני ה, this does not mean that he was on the same wavelength as G’d; on the contrary, such expressions are used when someone equates himself and his illusion of power with that of G’d. Compare Jonah 3,3 עיר גדולה לאלוהים, “a great city, G’d-like.” [they were G’d-like in their arrogance. Ed.]

Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · الترخيص: CC-BY · Full commentary on Sefaria

Radak (David Kimhi)

English

'הוא היה גבור ציד לפני ה, the word ציד tells us that Nimrod was also a mighty hunter, i.e. that the beasts were in awe of him, too. He both shot and trapped them. People wondered how he managed this. His fame became proverbial. When one encountered an exceptionally powerful individual either then or in the future, one would compare him to Nimrod, saying that he was as great a hero as Nimrod. The meaning of the words לפני ה', is a figure of speech, i.e. if one uses this simile one pays the subject described as such a supreme compliment. Expressions such as עיר גדולה לאלוקים, (Jonah 3,3) or הררי א-ל (Psalms 36,7) and numerous other examples, all use the name of G’d to describe something as outstanding in its category, i.e. as almost divine in nature. Some scholars understand the words לפני ה'' as meaning that Nimrod offered some of the animals he had hunted to G’d as a sacrifice, acknowledging His help. Onkelos is closer to our interpretation when he writes גבר תקיף, an aggressive and powerful man.

Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash · الترخيص: CC-BY · Full commentary on Sefaria